![]() ![]() In his 2008 autobiography Witness to Grace, John recalls the professor who registered him saying: “I don’t understand you veterans. After serving as a meteorologist for the US Army during the Second World War, at 24 years old he enrolled to study for a physics PhD at the University of Chicago in Illinois. This intellectual breadth influenced the importance that he later attached to interdisciplinary research. Despite early struggles with dyslexia, he entered Yale in 1940 to read philosophy, Greek, mathematics and chemistry. Goodenough grew up in New Haven, Connecticut, near Yale University. At the age of 97, John shared the 2019 Nobel Prize in Chemistry with Stanley Whittingham and Akira Yoshino for their work on lithium batteries. ![]() In the 1970s, he predicted the existence of high-temperature superconductivity, the flow of electricity without resistance in conditions above 77 kelvin. In the 1950s and 1960s, Goodenough was a leader in the development of the first solid-state random access memory (RAM) devices for computers. Lithium batteries are just one of the technologies that he pioneered, through his insights into metallic oxides and magnetic interactions in solids. John Goodenough is best known for his 1980 invention of the rechargeable lithium battery, which is used in myriad devices, from electric cars to mobile phones, and holds the key to decarbonizing the world’s energy system. 1, 2019., Dec.Credit: University of Texas at Austin via Sipa US/Alamy 1926, enacted the Federal Rules of Evidence proposed by the Supreme Court, with amendments made by Congress, to take effect on July 1, 1975. 9, provided that the proposed rules “shall have no force or effect except to the extent, and with such amendments, as they may be expressly approved by Act of Congress”. 5, 1973, and to have become effective on July 1, 1973. 20, 1972, transmitted to Congress by the Chief Justice on Feb. The Federal Rules of Evidence were adopted by order of the Supreme Court on Nov. These rules also apply to further procedure in actions, cases, and proceedings then pending, except to the extent that application of the rules would not be feasible, or would work injustice, in which event former evidentiary principles apply.” These rules apply to actions, cases, and proceedings brought after the rules take effect. 1926, provided: “That the following rules shall take effect on the one hundred and eightieth day beginning after the date of the enactment of this Act. Testimony or Statement of a Party to Prove Content Copies of Public Records to Prove Content Admissibility of Other Evidence of Content CONTENTS OF WRITINGS, RECORDINGS, AND PHOTOGRAPHS Attacking and Supporting the Declarant’s Credibility Exceptions to the Rule Against Hearsay - Regardless of Whether the Declarant Is Available as a Witness Definitions That Apply to This Article Exclusions from Hearsay Disclosing the Facts or Data Underlying an Expert’s Opinion Writing Used to Refresh a Witness’s Memory Mode and Order of Examining Witnesses and Presenting Evidence Impeachment by Evidence of a Criminal Conviction A Witness’s Character for Truthfulness or Untruthfulness Oath or Affirmation to Testify Truthfully Attorney-Client Privilege and Work Product Limitations on Waiver Similar Acts in Civil Cases Involving Sexual Assault or Child Molestation Similar Crimes in Child Molestation Cases Sex-Offense Cases: The Victim’s Sexual Behavior or Predisposition Pleas, Plea Discussions, and Related Statements Offers to Pay Medical and Similar Expenses Character Evidence Other Crimes, Wrongs, or Acts Excluding Relevant Evidence for Prejudice, Confusion, Waste of Time, or Other Reasons General Admissibility of Relevant Evidence Applying State Law to Presumptions in Civil Cases Remainder of or Related Writings or Recorded Statements ![]() Limiting Evidence That Is Not Admissible Against Other Parties or for Other Purposes These are the Federal Rules of Evidence, as amended to December 1, 2020. ![]()
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